S4.5.7 For the adult
Hormones and the menstrual cycle
How does the body know when to release an egg, and when to start a period?
What this chapter teaches
Four hormones run the menstrual cycle: FSH and LH from the pituitary gland, oestrogen and progesterone from the ovaries. The combined pill uses hormones to stop ovulation, and fertility treatment uses FSH and LH to help eggs mature.
Three questions to ask
There is no one right wording. Listen for the idea.
- Which hormone makes the ovary release an egg, and which gland makes it?
- Why does the lining of the uterus break down when progesterone falls?
- How does the combined pill stop an egg being released?
After the chapter, the learner can
- Explain how hormones control the menstrual cycle
- Explain how hormones are used in contraception and fertility treatment
What they copy into their notebook
FSH from the pituitary matures an egg. Oestrogen builds the lining and sets off LH. LH releases the egg. Progesterone keeps the lining thick; when it falls, a period starts. The pill holds back FSH and LH.